In chemistry,
photocatalysis is the acceleration of a photoreaction in the presence of a
catalyst. In catalysed photolysis, light is absorbed by an adsorbed substrate.
In photogenerated catalysis, the photocatalytic activity (PCA) depends on the
ability of the catalyst to create electron–hole pairs, which generate free
radicals (e.g. hydroxyl radicals: •OH) able to undergo secondary reactions. Its
practical application was made possible by the discovery of water electrolysis
by means of titanium dioxide (TiO2).
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