Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that
converts glucose C6H12O6, into pyruvate, CH3COCOO− + H+. The free energy
released in this process is used to form the high-energy molecules ATP (adenosine
triphosphate) and NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide). Glycolysis
is a sequence of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions. Most monosaccharides, such as
fructose and galactose, can be converted to one of these intermediates. The
intermediates may also be directly useful rather than just utilized as steps in
the overall reaction. For example, the intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate
(DHAP) is a source of the glycerol that combines with fatty acids to form fat.
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