An aromatic hydrocarbon or arene
(or sometimes aryl hydrocarbon) is a hydrocarbon with sigma bonds and
delocalized pi electrons between carbon atoms forming a circle. In contrast,
aliphatic hydrocarbons lack this delocalization. The term "aromatic"
was assigned before the physical mechanism determining aromaticity was
discovered; the term was coined as such simply because many of the compounds
have a sweet or pleasant odour. The configuration of six carbon atoms in
aromatic compounds is known as a benzene ring, after the simplest possible such
hydrocarbon, benzene. Aromatic hydrocarbons can be monocyclic (MAH) or
polycyclic (PAH).
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