Nitroglycerin (NG), also known as
nitroglycerine, trinitroglycerin (TNG), nitro, glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), or
1,2,3-trinitroxypropane, is a dense, colorless, oily, explosive liquid most
commonly produced by nitrating glycerol with white fuming nitric acid under
conditions appropriate to the formation of the nitric acid ester. Chemically,
the substance is an organic nitrate compound rather than a nitro compound, yet
the traditional name is often retained. Invented in 1847, nitroglycerin has
been used as an active ingredient in the manufacture of explosives, mostly
dynamite, and as such it is employed in the construction, demolition, and
mining industries. Since the 1880s, it has been used by the military as an
active ingredient, and a gelatinizer for nitrocellulose, in some solid
propellants, such as cordite and ballistite.
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